Introduction

  • Logic – study of logical sentences.
  • Sentences can be: negations, existential
  • Used everywhere – logic programming

Elements of Logic

  • Syntax
  • Semantics
  • Corollaries: A set of true sentences lead to another.
    • Some conclusions can be drawn based on the given premises; these must be true in all possible cases.
      • It is impossible to check all possible cases to derive these theorems.
      • Aristotle: Rules of inference; content does not matter, structure does; if a premise is true (sound), the conclusion must be true
  • Syntactic Manipulation

Need for formalization

  • Ambiguity in natural language
  • Same syntax can have different semantics